更改：用户组和权限

2018年3月12日 (一) 08:54的版本

The way permissions are set-up on different wikis can vary, but the default MediaWiki installation has several different permissions available; most notably the sysop and bureaucrat permissions, and we here at Gamepedia have an additional permissions group: Wiki Guardian.

The list of permissions that a user group had can be found at Special:ListGroupRights, which breaks down each ability that the user group has.

Soft security - There are no permissions

Wikis are typically set up to be freely and openly edited. This means anyone can edit the pages, often without even registering/logging in. This is only possible because wikis offer a unique kind of "soft security". By making it very simple to monitor edits or changes, and revert (or undo) those changes to retrieve an older version of a page, a wiki doesn't need to be very restrictive at all.

There are no permissions. Everyone is an administrator. You don't need permission to edit, and you are encouraged to "be bold", go forth and edit!

...at least that is the theory. In practice, there are malicious editors, and so MediaWiki software does offer many options related to permissions.

Administrators and Wiki Guardians

By default MediaWiki provides extra functionality to a group of trusted users called 'Administrators' (historically known as 'sysops', and still referred to by that name in the code base). Here at Gamepedia, we have a second group of wiki administrators known as Wiki Guardians. Most of their role should go largely unnoticed by the normal users of a wiki community. Everyone can get involved in editing pages, and even undertaking drastic reorganisation of the wiki. The extra powers of an Administrator or Wiki Guardian are intended for use in settling disputes, major maintenance issues and preventing repeated vandalism.

Who are the Administrators and Wiki Guardians?

You can find out who the Administrators are at Special:ListAllUsers, and choosing Administrators from the drop down list.

You can find out who the Wiki Guardians are at Special:ListAllUsers, and choosing Wiki Guardian from the drop down list.

What can an Administrator or Wiki Guardian do?

There are a number of extra features available to Administrators and Wiki Guardians. The key ones are as follows:

Protecting and unprotecting pages, and editing protected pages: 'Protecting' a page prevents normal users from editing the page at all. There are several reasons why a particular page might be protected. For more information see Protected pages. For sysop information see Protected pages

Deleting pages, and undeleting.: A page can be deleted semi-permanently, such that it is no longer available (even in the page histories) for normal users. Normal users do not have this power. See Deleting a page. For sysop information see Deleting and undeleting.

Blocking a user or IP address, and unblocking them.: Users can be blocked from the wiki. This is a useful way of keeping out persistent vandals. Users are identified by their registered user name, or by IP address, and can be blocked permanently, or just short length of time to give them a "cooling off" period. See Blocking users

Patrolling, and seeing patrolled edits.: This is a way of coordinating with other sysops, to ensure that every edit of the wiki has been checked over by a trusted user. See Patrolled edits

Edit the MediaWiki namespace: The ability to edit the MediaWiki namespace for skinning, editing language messages.

Bureaucrats

Another level of permissions within a default MediaWiki set-up, is the 'bureaucrat' group. Historically, the founder of any given wiki generally was accorded Bureaucrat rights, but here at Gamepedia, we have assumed this custodial role for the most part. There are still some users with bureaucrat rights, but generally those were individuals who held those rights before coming to Gamepedia. For newer wikis, the Wiki Guardian role is sufficient.

The main thing a bureaucrat can do, which Wiki Guardians cannot, is to promote users to be Adminstrators or Wiki Guardians (and demote users with extra rights to normal users). See Assigning permissions. This is now done by Gamepedia Staff.

Assigning permissions

"Assigning permissions" means granting users extra rights within the wiki software (or revoking these rights). This is done by going to the Special:UserRights page, and adding users into a "group" which has specific rights. The first thing to note however, is that this action requires special permissions itself!

提拔用户为管理员和行政员

Special:UserRights页面允许你（当你访问后）去将用户设置在一个权限组里。一个常见的任务是将用户放入“管理员”组中。这将授予用户各种额外的权限，例如删除页面和封禁用户。有关更多详细信息，请参阅上一节。

显然，给予用户这种权利意味着你无论在非恶意方面，还是有足够能力使用wiki软件的人，以及处理wiki社区方面都信任该用户。想要成为管理员的人应该仔细阅读这个页面。然而，应该注意的是，管理员的行为是（几乎）完全可逆的，通过别的管理员，所以将这些额外的权限提供给许多用户是个好主意，这是为了：

分散日常管理员操作的工作量，例如封禁破坏者和删除页面。
让事情变得更加民主，并减少任何单个独裁者控制社区的感觉。
使得有能力的用户能使用它们需要的权限来重构wiki。
奖励有价值的贡献者/社区成员。

流程

如果你拥有许多管理员，你可能开始需要记录过程管理他们的行为，例如，什么时候应该保护一个页面，还是不保护它好？你甚至可能会达到一种情况——你需要一个文件化程序来决定谁将成为一个管理员，以及应该撤销谁的管理员权利，为了应付这种情况，你不妨提拔几个用户进入“行政员”用户组（少数你最信任的用户）来管理分散提拔/撤销管理员的工作量。在一些大型wiki上，用户在被授予额外权限之前应由其他用户投票决定，而管理组则通过指控委员会调查不当行为来撤销其权利，除了最大的维基社区外，这些流程不太可能是必需的。

Other permissions

Bots: Bots are users that are used for automated tasks, meaning their edits do not show up on recent changes.
Curse: The curse user group is for Curse staff (and Wiki Managers). It is not a usergroup that is obtainable.
Cursebot: The Cursebot user group is for Curse staff (and Wiki Managers) bot accounts. It works much like the bot user right but with curse permissions included.
Check user: The check user right is rarely given out, but as it's name suggests, it allows the user with the right to check the IP logs of a given username, to check if they are avoid blocks or are utilizing multiple account for other reasons.
Widget editor: The widget editor user right is added from the Widgets extension. It allows a user to edit the widgets within that namespace.

@@ 第51行： / 第51行： @@
 * 分散日常管理员操作的工作量，例如封禁破坏者和删除页面。
 * 让事情变得更加民主，并减少任何单个独裁者控制社区的感觉。
-* 是的有能力的用户能使用它们需要的权限来重构wiki。
+* 使得有能力的用户能使用它们需要的权限来重构wiki。
 * 奖励有价值的贡献者/社区成员。